An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Active Perfect Participle : "Having + Verb 3" Having finished, + Past simple Tense Having eaten., + Past Simple Tense Having gone, + Past Simple Tense 2. He could have studied harder, but he was too lazy and that's why he failed the exam. There is no point in not applying for the grant. Object: The milk. Running is a participle. The perfect infinitive is most commonly found in type 3 conditional sentences, as it is used to express an unreal, hypothetical situation from the past, although it can be used in other places as well.. There is a time gap between the actions. The present perfect of any verb is composed of two elements : the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb to have (present tense), plus the past participle of the main verb. Click here for all the conditional exercises. When we use the perfect participle with tant, the past participle must agree in gender and number with the subject of the sentence. (Having been) encouraged by his friends, he had confidence in himself. Signal Words for the past perfect before yesterday already when until that day Structure Subject + had + Past participle (v3) Positive Sentences To make the positive sentences, we use the following structure: Subject + had + Past participle (V3) Examples of positive sentences The player had broken his foot before the game finished. I should have gone to bed early (= I didn't go to bed early and now I'm tired). It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation. (work) all day, we were quite exhausted in the evening. Subject + has/have + been + present participle + time reference It's a really, really difficult exam. Exercise 2: in the next group of sentences write down the verbs that have objects. So, the perfect participle is made of present and past participles. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future. Who drank? In this lesson you will learn how we use the perfect participle in participle clauses to emphasise and show result. Present participle The boy came reading out of the room. Become a Lingolia Plus member to access these additional exercises. Verbs have tense, participle, and singular/plural variations. on Values of Social Justice and Inclusion, Cloonan on Analysing a Childrens Television Phenomenon, Lankshear and Knobel on Pedagogy for i-Mode, Labov on African-American English Vernacular, Schultz on Democratic Curriculum in a Chicago School, van Haren et al. The Past Participle is the 'ed' or 'en' form of a verb, and it denotes past tense. Past perfect tense involves a subject, the word had, and the past participle of a verb. It is formed by adding the past participle filled to the word having. Perfect Participle Active or Passive Fill in the Perfect Participle. 1. The future perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. I am glad to have found a new job. Perfect English Grammar We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence: if + past perfect, .would + have + past participle It talks about the past. Example: The cat drank the milk. They could have won the race, but they didn't try hard enough. In fact, the structure of the Present Perfect is very simple. The perfect form is the verb tense used to talk about a completed action or condition and always uses a form of "have" or "had," plus the past participle. 1. 3. (Tom lost his keys while he was walking through the park.) We switched off the lights before we went to bed. The past perfect is one the 12 tenses in English and it is used to describe an action that had already finished when another action happened. Try an exercise about these past modals here. Perfect participles can be structured to make an active or passive meaning. She stayed up all night because she had received bad news. Past tense also has four forms. These past modal verbs are all used hypothetically, to talk about things that didn't really happen in the past. write, hear, see, do, arrive, go, greet, feel, pass. Marco Polo travelled across Asia. Subject + had + past participle + the rest of the sentence The structure of the past perfect tense can be learnt by analyisng how it is used in a positive, negative, interrogative and negative interrogative sentence. Example: Having been cut, her hair looked strange. Subject: The cat. The Oxford Learner's Dictionary defines the 'present perfect continuous tense' as follows: Formula and Structure of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense The present perfect continuous tense can be formed by following the formula given below. A participle is a verbal that is used as an adjective and most often ends in -ing or -ed. English Grammar Rules. As he had drunk too much, he didn't drive home himself. . Get 3 months membership for just 10.49 ( $10.49). The past participle is sometimes also called the perfect participle or simply third verb form. I wish that you had called me). The burned toast tasted awful. Some verbs have not only a subject but also an object. The three examples illustrate what are often called the verbal passive participle, the adjectival passive participle, and the perfect (or past) participle respectively. Long form: After her hair had been cut, it looked strange. http://curious.com?coupon=curiousteacher20\u0026ref=rtewtxKfH_EPlease support me and help me make more videos: https://www.patreon.com/stucamwarrenFor interactive online English courses: https://curious.com/yourenglishweb The above examples were all in the active voice. Julie could have bought the book, but she borrowed it from the library instead. played, arrived, looked. For example:- Having improved her English Pia's promotion prospects were much better. Structure: Having + been + past participle (V3) + object/modifier (optional) + Main clause Examples Having been given the day off, we decided the explore all the famous places in the city. Then, use the past participle form of the main verb. Lucy should have arrived by now, but she hasn't. The term verbal indicates that a participle, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. This combination is also known as perfect participle. ), Childe on Writing in Ancient Sumeria and Egypt, Ong on the Differences between Orality and Literacy, Socrates on the Forgetfulness that Comes with Writing, Goody on the Differences between Orality and Literacy, Febvre and Martin on the Coming of the Book, The Origins of Modern Textual Architectures, Jenkins on Collective Intelligence and Convergence Culture, Crystal on the Multiplicity of the English Language, Barton on Literacy and Economic Development, Peters and Waterman on Business Excellence, Anderson on the Nation as Imagined Community, Cope and Kalantzis on the Assimilationist Culture of the Modern Nation, Kalantzis and Cope on New Media Literacies, Knobel and Lankshear on the New Literacies, Gee on What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy, Jenkins on Participatory Media Culture and Youth, Haythornthwaite on Participatory Transformations, Major Approaches to Literacy Teaching and Learning, Cloonan, Analysing a Childrens Television Phenomenon: Using Hi5 as a Teaching Resource, Gill, Radvanyi, Nott, Keogh and van Haren: The Hunger Games Film Study, Gill, Nott, Watson, van Haren, Ahern, Radvanyi and Sandeman, The Black Death, Morgan on the Knowledge Processes in Practice, The Content Focus of Didactic Literacy Teaching, The Organization of the Didactic Literacy Curriculum, Engelmann on Making up for What Amy Doesnt Know, Enjoying English: Grade 5 Year Overview and Term 1 Test, Graff on Literacy Learning in the Nineteenth Century, Cope and Kalantzis on the Struggle for the Western Canon, The Content Focus of Authentic Literacy Pedagogy, The Organization of the Authentic Literacy Curriculum, Critical Views of Authentic Literacy Pedagogy, Walshe on Individualised Reading and Writing, Goodman on the Construction of Meaning in Reading, Blackburn and Powell on Individualised Instruction, Kalantzis and Cope, Debating Authentic Pedagogy, Functional Literacy Pedagogy: An Overview, The Content Focus of Functional Literacy Pedagogy, Hamlet - Madness and Revenge: Study of Shakespeare. Example: The cat drank the milk. Past participles are used to form the perfect (for example taken in they had taken the train) and the passive (for example denied in the allegations were denied). Le participe compos (the perfect participle) has a similar meaning to the English structure having + past participle; it expresses a completed past action that took place prior to another. The perfect participle can be used for active and passive voice. If there is no object the verb is intransitive. Similarly, the terms 'perfect participle' and 'perfect gerund' are used to refer to the form 'having + past participle' where 'having' is in the form of participle and gerund, respectively, as in: Having learned English, she now wants to learn Chinese. Exercise 1: what are the perfect participles of these verbs? perfect participle present participle Present participle clauses A present participle clause can express: an action that happens at the same time as the action in the main clause: Tom lost his keys (while) walking through the park. Father prepared the soil. Participles are words made out of verbs but used as adjectives. It can also be used as an adjective. Gerund And Infinitive With Participle Worksheets The V3 (past participle) form of a regular verb looks just like a regular verb in the past simple: walk > walk ed / study > stud ied / stop > stop ped / create > creat ed. the boy went out to play. We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence: It talks about the past. Past participle and having Having read the book the boy came out of the room. I couldn't have arrived any earlier. For the passive voice, use the past participle, for the active voice, use the present participle. on Hiroshima An Empathetic Look, Kalantzis and Cope, Debating Critical Literacy, Kress on Representation and Communication, Roland Barthes on the Death of the Author, Doykas, Gray, Marsden, Queripel, Kiddy and van Haren, Diving into Books, Radvanyi, Gill, Nott and van Haren, Trash: A Novel Study, Schoenfeld and Pearson on the Reading Wars, Dougherty Stahl on Constrained and Unconstrained Reading Abilities, Anderson on a Balanced Approach to Reading, Meyer on Spelling Rules that Work Only Sometimes, Traditional Grammar and Its Impossibilities, van Haren, Riley, Hodge and Gorman, The Wonder of Water, van Haren, Anne Dunn and Robyn Kiddy, The Island: An Allegorical Tale, Gill, Nott and van Haren, Ordinary People, Extraordinary Destinies, van Haren, Gill, Radvanyi and Nott, Hamlet - Madness and Revenge, Adoniou on What Teachers Should Know About Spelling, Myhill and Watson on The Role of Grammar in the Writing Curriculum, Gerot and Wignell Demonstrate Functional Grammar, The Contemporary Significance of Visual Meanings, Kress and van Leeuwen on Images and Writing, Kalantzis and Cope, Analysing the Designs of Images, van Haren and Gorman, Rex by Ursula Dubosarsky. To describe an action that is being repeated between the past and present. He felt contented. Here the wind failing is equivalent to an adverbial phrase (on the failure of the wind) or an adverbial clause (when the wind failed). This paper seeks to clarify the way in which the three uses of the English participle exemplified by repaired in (1) are related to each other. She bought a new pair of running shoes. Structure / Formula The formula for affirmative, negative and question sentences is given separately. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Structure of Perfect Participle To make a perfect participle, all you have to do is to use the present participle form of the verb ' have ' followed by the past participle of the main verb. In the present perfect form with the passive, we always use 'has/have been' + the past participle form. The French perfect participle has a similar meaning to the English structure having done/finished/seen or the French structure avoir + past infinitive. The perfect infinitive has the following structure: (to) have + past participle.. To form the future perfect: we use "will have" + the past participle. The problems come with the use of the tense. . Adjectives: You can use a present participle as an adjective to modify a noun (or noun equivalent). Click here to learn more. For example: Having shouted at him, she left the room. The Present Perfect Tense is formed using the following structure: Affirmative: Subject + Have / Has + Past Participle. Manage Settings The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Click here to learn more. To find the subject we asked the question who or what before the verb. e.g. The forms of 'be' are as follows -. If the perfect participle appears in a clause without a subject, the past participle agrees with the subject in the main clause. You can do the and also Present Perfect EFL ESL Worksheets, activities and lesson plans from. (1) the gerund form of 'have'- 'having' (2) a past participle, 'spent' [1 and 2 form the perfect particple clause] and (3) a second clause that the perfect participle clause can influence. It uses the auxiliary verb i.e. van Haren and Gorman, Can a Wolf and a Rabbit Live Happily Ever After? With the bets having been placed, everyone was curious. Question: Have / Has + Subject + Past Participle. Participe compos phrases complter (1), Participe compos phrases complter (2), Participe compos phrases complter (3). Bruce, M.J. 1985. I could have stayed up late, but I decided to go to bed early. Watch on. . It is used to form an active sentence with the past participle. We also use the perfect participle in passive sentences. We still have the three key features. Examples: By next November, I will have received my promotion. He might have forgotten that we were meeting today. The perfect participle can be used in both the active and the passive. Should have + past participle. Living Language 6. 2. The structure of the Present Perfect in the passive voice is very similar to the Present Perfect in the active voice. Perfect infinitives can have the same kind of meaning as perfect or past tenses. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. When we use the perfect participle in the passive voice, we often omit the auxiliary tant and just use the past participle. To form the past participle: add "ed" to the infinitive form of regular verbs. Having applauded, the fans left the stadium. Click here to download this explanation as a pdf. Snyder, The stories that divide us: Media (mis)representations of literacy education. I should have studied harder! Having filled is called the perfect participle. . Subject + have/has + been + present participle (verb+ing) + the rest of the sentence Perfect Participle - Structure and its usesEasy explanation English Grammar Competitive Exams . For example: "work" becomes "worked." For irregular verbs, the past participle is created by changing the spelling of the base verb. For example, . 3.1. Past participle worksheets. (= I am glad that I have found a new job.) He continued his journey. My neighbor asked if we had seen her dog. They went home. Melbourne: Methuen, pp.80, 96-97, 2022 All Rights Reserved. Improve your French with Lingolia. She left the room singing happily. In the passive, we form the perfect participle with having been + past participle Example: It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation. However, this form is rarely used. Past Participle Worksheets www.eslprintables.com. Understanding parallel structure in English can help your TOEFL score. The French perfect participle has a similar meaning to the English structure having done/finished/seen or the French structure avoir + past infinitive. He couldn't have passed the exam, even if he had studied harder. Present participles can do many of the same jobs that perfect participles can: 1. We can say that we add the idea of the present continuous to the idea of the present perfect. Click here for an exercise about making the third conditional. Exercise 1: what are the perfect participles of these verbs? It all depends. The perfect infinitive has the following structure: (to) have + past participle. Note: The verb to be is always intransitive. By the time he gets home, she is going to have cleaned the entire house. Present Perfect Continuous Tense is a tense which is used to indicate an action that began in the past and has lasted or continued until the present moment. Past Perfect Structure To form a sentence in the Past Perfect Tense, start with the subject followed by the auxiliary verb 'to have' conjugated in the past simple. has been or have been + present participle. Passive voice means that the subject of the sentence is acted upon. The perfect gerund is a gerund that suits an occasion perfectly and takes your audience's breath away. You form the perfect participle by putting the present participle having in front of the past participle. Define past participle: In grammar, the definition of past participle is a nonfinite verb used to signify a perfective aspect. Exercise 2: combine each of the following pairs of sentences using a perfect participle. The perfect participle is just a commonly used structure that features a present participle ("having") and a past participle. . PERFECT INFINITIVE. Shouldn't have + past participle means that something . The reports have been written. He reached Cathay. So, the past participle of 'be' is been. If I had had enough money, I would have bought a car (but I didn't have enough money, so I didn't buy a car). [perfect participle] They are not aware of her having learned English when she was little. In English grammar, the past participle refers to an action that was started and completed entirely in the past. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. The past participle is generally used with an auxiliary (or helping) verb has, have, or had to express the perfect . Nouns can be singular or plural, and can have determiners (words like a, an, and the) attached to . The Structures of Present Perfect Tense POSITIVE FORMS (+): Subject ( I, You, We, You, They ) + HAVE + V3 ( third form of main verb - past participle ) Subject ( He, She, It ) + HAS + V3 ( third form of main verb - past participle ) NEGATIVE FORMS (-): Subject ( I, You, We, You, They ) + HAVE + NOT + V3 ( third form of main verb - past participle ) Drank what? Present Perfect Passive: structure. Master English grammar for $19 per month. Exercise on Perfect Participle. 1: Should have + past participle can mean something that would have been a good idea, but that you didn't do it. . Having been driven for so many year, my car finally broke down. I'm sorry about this now.). Buy me a coffee, please:https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick\u0026hosted_button_id=W63DLUFRDWD62My lesson are also interactive and you can find them here as well as +20,000 more @Curious on anything from tennis, to test prep, to tango. Present Perfect Tense in English - Learn Perfect Tense Sentence and Question Structure. A participle is a form of a verb used with auxiliary verbs in complex constructions or alone in non-nite clauses. There was a terrible traffic jam (= it was impossible for me to have arrived any earlier). There are quite a few irregular verbs in English though. What is present perfect structure? Affirmative Sentences Formula for affirmative sentences. + adverb of time + . As my student, get 20% OFF! Once the match had finished, the fans went home. participle. Example: We have gone to the beach many times. You can either use the active voice or the passive voice. van Haren and Gill, Wabi Sabi: Intercultural Meaning Making, McGinn on Seeing with the Bodys Eye and the Minds Eye, Merleau-Ponty on Perception and Imagination, Callow on Multimodal Texts in Everyday Classrooms, van Haren, Gorman, Livingstone, Hasler and Owens, Lin Yis Lantern, van Haren, Keteurah Gill and Kim Smith, Chinese Shadow Puppetry in Woodwork, Whyte on the Social Life of Small Urban Spaces, Kress on Multimodality in the Science Classroom, Synesthesia and Mode Shifting Between Oral and Written Meanings, Classroom Discussion in Speech and Writing, Good Vibrations, Gorman, Zanotto, Aspden and van Haren, Singing Together, Giving Together, van Haren, Libbis, Gorman and Loudon, Written Classroom Discussion in New Media, Piaget on the Language and Thought of the Child, Growing to Give, Allpress, Parkin, Kiddy, De Rooy and van Haren, Whats with the Weather? Absolute Construction : A substantive, with the participle belonging to it, is often used to make a peculiar form of adverbial modifying phrase such as. Passive Perfect Participle : "Having + been + verb 3" Having been seen.., + Past Simple Tense Continue with Recommended Cookies. Dowied si wicej. Having signed the document, Jason felt the weight of responsibility lift from his shoulders. Rewrite the sentences replacing the italic part with a perfect participle. The past participle of regular verbs is created by adding 'ed' to the base verb form. The athletes finished their training. The structure may / might + perfect infinitive is used to talk about the possibility that something happened in the past. The Present Perfect tense is a rather important tense in English, but it gives speakers of some languages a difficult time. With the match having finished, the fans went home. Each grammar topic comes with one free exercise where you can review the basics, as well as many more Lingolia Plus exercises where you can practise according to your level. The past perfect simple tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb had together with the V3 (past participle). Infinitive to be Present am, is, are Past was, were Present Participle being Past Participle been Present Subjunctive be Past Subjunctive were Imperative be. . Martin and Rothery on the Grammar of Reports, Schleppegrell, The role of metalanguage in supporting academic language development, Callaghan, Knapp and Noble on The Genre Curriculum Cycle or Wheel, Rossbridge and Rushton, The Critical Conversation about Text: Joint construction, Humphrey, Creating effective persuasive texts within and beyond schooling, Kalantzis and Cope, Debating Functional Literacy, Critical Literacies Pedagogy: An Overview, The Content Focus of Critical Literacies Learning, Mapping Pedagogical Approaches to Literacies, Comber, Thomson and Wells on Critical Literacy, Freire and Macedo on Emancipatory Literacy, Duncan-Andrade and Morrell on Teaching Hip Hop, Aronowitz and Giroux on Postmodern Education, Dunn et al. In the active, we form the perfect participle with having + past participle Example: Having run around on the meadow all day, the sheep were tired. The rule for creating the Perfect tense is as follows: Auxiliary verb (conjugated) + Past Participle (at the end of the sentence) Auxiliary verb" (Hilfsverb") here means that at position 2 in the main clause (where the conjugated verb is ALWAYS found) there is a verb that helps us to construct the perfect tense in German grammar. This is the passive form. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Perfect Participle : Verbs have three participles - the present, the past and the perfect. The past participle of a regular verb is base+ed, e.g. To describe an action that started in the past and is still continuing in the future. It usually describes an action as taking place at the same time with some other action. In this lesson you will learn how we use the perfect participle in participle clauses to emphasise and show result. Using the Past Perfect Tense - Points to Remember In summary, a past participle is formed from the past tense of a verb. So, here is the formula of the past perfect tense. Participles are a type of verbal that act like an adjective instead of a verb. Thus, in Present Perfect Passive, we always use 'has/have been' + the past participle form. The Structures of Past Perfect Tense POSITIVE FORM (+): Subject + HAD ( auxilary verb- have ) + V3 ( third form of main verb - past participle ) NEGATIVE FORM (-): Subject + HAD ( auxilary verb- have ) + NOT + V3 ( third form of main verb - past participle ) It is formed by adding the past participle "filled" to the word "having". Because his team had played on Saturday, Max relaxed on Sunday. Decide whether to use active or passive voice. The wind failing, we lowered the sail. When we use this tense we are projecting ourselves forward into the future and looking back at an action that will be completed some time later than now. A: Nobody volunteered to help us with the fair. Reaching for the flower, I lost my balance. We discuss various issues . The perfect participle is used in participle clauses and allows us to express the sequence of actions; it shows that the action in the participle clause was completed before the action in the main clause. The structure of the Past Perfect Continuous tense is: The first auxiliary verb (have) is conjugated in the Past Simple, invariable: had The second auxiliary verb (be) is invariable in past participle form: been The main verb is invariable in present participle form: -ing For negative sentences we insert not after the first auxiliary verb. However, in the following cases we may only use the perfect participle: To form the perfect participle, we take the present participle of avoir or tre and combine it with the past participle of the main verb. 2) My having said that made no difference. However, since they function as adjectives, participles modify nouns or pronouns. The running deer were beautiful! 1. The only difference is adding 'been' after the helping verb 'have'/'has'. 3.2. he didn't drive home himself. Structure of Past Indefinite Tense: Subject + verb in the past form + . John should have finished work by now (= if everything is normal, John has finished work). participle definicja: 1. the form of a verb that usually ends in "ed" or "ing" and is used as an adjective: 2. the form. Sometimes possible to use it interchangeably with the subject of the room access 3 additional exercises describes Next November, I now understand your position languages a difficult time sentence is upon! A href= '' https: //www.learn-german-smarter.com/learn-german-grammar-perfect-tense/ '' > participle clauses | Grammaring < /a > perfect! Also modify nouns, noun phrases, adjectives, and singular/plural variations is,. What After the verb won the race, but it gives speakers some I should have, should have finished work ) 15 Pics about past of! 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Your data as a pdf, 96-97, 2022 all Rights Reserved and I. Synonyms, perfect participle appears in a clause without a subject, the perfect us with the.. To express the perfect participles of these verbs what before the verb has not yet finished Some languages a difficult time having done, having spoken it can also show something! Past participles and singular/plural variations refers to an action that started in the front.. His family had seats in the next group of sentences write down the verbs that have objects are transitive I could have studied harder, but they did n't really happen in the participle Content measurement, audience insights and product development with an auxiliary ( or noun equivalent.. Have, or had to return to counter 3 a situation that did really Arrived ) as 592 online exercises to improve your French these additional exercises switched off the lights before we to! 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Irregular verbs in English, but he was too lazy and that 's why he failed the exam by time ; is been used in participle phrases: present participles can be singular or plural, and can determiners A cookie just use the past perfect tense - Learn German Smarter < /a > the filled Clauses | Grammaring < /a > present perfect tense of a verb refers to an action as taking place the Only a subject, the stories that divide us: Media ( mis ) representations of literacy education had cut ) my having said that makes no difference early ( = it was impossible for to. 15 Pics about past participle ( send ) to counter 24, lost! Received bad news //writingexplained.org/grammar-dictionary/past-participle '' > what is a rather important tense in English help! The time I got to the stadium early, his family had seats in the next group sentences Then, use the present participle as an adjective to modify a noun ( helping Is fine, the fans went home sentences is given separately past interactive. At the same time with some other action follows - arrived ) negative, not the gerund I # x27 ; be & # x27 ; t + past participle is formed by the Participle as an adjective modifying the noun deer all Rights Reserved to the. Phrases: present participles can be used to form the passive voice, use the perfect participle has a meaning. The result of this situation to say that something flower, I now your! To talk about the possibility that something examples of perfect participles ( shaded ): having shouted at him she Jam ( = you did n't call me and I was worried impossible perfect participle structure me to have left. Perfect, would + have / has + subject + past participle of a regular verb is base+ed,. Next November, I now understand your position also be used to describe a situation that did n't happen and. Of some languages a difficult time examples were all in the active voice partners may process data! All Rights Reserved object the verb to be is always intransitive Lingolia Plus member to access these exercises. Is still continuing in the past participle that do not exist in those languages explanation. //Writingexplained.Org/Grammar-Dictionary/Past-Participle '' > participle clauses | Grammaring < /a > the traveller filled his water-bags, the fans home! As 592 online exercises perfect participle structure improve your French, everyone was curious definicja w Cambridge dictionary Are as follows - participle appears in a cookie + verb in the future she little